Customer Metric

Customer Lifetime Value (CLV)

Customer Lifetime Value shows how much revenue a customer generates over their entire relationship with your business.

Formula
CLV = AOV × Purchase Frequency × Customer Lifespan

Calculate CLV

Enter your values to calculate Customer Lifetime Value.

Customer Lifetime Value (CLV)calculate
CLV = AOV × Purchase Frequency × Customer Lifetime
€
Result:

CLV is the most important strategic metric in e-commerce. It determines how much you can spend on customer acquisition and whether retention investments are worthwhile.

Good sign

A high CLV indicates loyal customers with high repeat purchase potential. Ideal is a CLV:CAC ratio of at least 3:1.

Warning sign

A low CLV may indicate poor product quality, missing retention strategies or wrong targeting.

Always view CLV in relation to CAC and segment by customer groups.

Industry Benchmark
Fashion & Apparel $350–700
Electronics $450–900
Beauty & Cosmetics $580–1,150
Furniture & Home $920–2,300
Food/Subscription $1,150–3,500
  • Implement a loyalty program to increase purchase frequency
  • Use personalized email campaigns for reactivation
  • Provide excellent customer service for long-term retention
  • Segment customers by CLV and adjust marketing accordingly
  • Calculating CLV without considering margins (Revenue ≠ Profit)
  • Too short timeframes for customer lifespan
  • Treating all customers equally instead of segmenting by CLV

Why Customer Lifetime Value is critical

Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) is the strategically most important metric in e-commerce. It shows how much revenue a customer generates over the entire business relationship. This fundamentally changes how you think about marketing and customer acquisition.

CLV vs. CAC: The magic ratio

The ratio of CLV to Customer Acquisition Cost (CAC) is the decisive indicator for sustainable growth. A CLV:CAC ratio of at least 3:1 is considered healthy – you earn three times as much from a customer as their acquisition costs.

With a CLV:CAC ratio below 1:1, you lose money with every new customer. A ratio above 5:1 might mean you're underinvesting in growth.

The three levers for CLV improvement

CLV consists of three factors that you can all optimize:

  1. 1 Increase Average Order Value: Through cross-selling, bundles and higher-value products. More on the AOV page.
  2. 2 Increase purchase frequency: Through email marketing, loyalty programs and relevant product recommendations.
  3. 3 Extend customer lifespan: Through excellent service, retention programs and continuous value delivery.

Segment CLV by customer groups

Average CLV often hides enormous differences between customer groups. Typically, 20% of customers generate 80% of revenue. Identify your most valuable customer segments:

  • High-Value Customers: VIP treatment, exclusive offers, personal service
  • Medium-Value Customers: Development potential, targeted activation campaigns
  • Low-Value Customers: Automation, self-service, efficiency focus

Predictive CLV for better decisions

Advanced e-commerce companies use Predictive CLV – forecasting future customer value based on early behavior. This enables differentiated marketing investments: More budget for customers with high predicted value, less for those with low potential.

Increase your CLV?

Together we develop strategies to increase customer value.

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